9例大熊猫肝脏和肾脏的器官病理学观察

 为了解发病死亡的大熊猫肝脏、肾脏的器官病理学变化特点，本研究采用组织病理学、组织化学和免疫组织化学等方法，对9例发病死亡的大熊猫肝脏和肾脏的组织病理形态学变化进行了系统观察。同时检测观察HBV和HEV抗原在大熊猫肝脏、肾脏组织内的分布定位。组织病理学观察发现，9只大熊猫的肝脏和肾脏均表现出不同程度的病变。肝脏主要表现为淤血、水肿，严重的有出血变化。肝细胞普遍变性，散在单个性坏死或多发性局灶性坏死，个别出现大片坏死、淋巴细胞等炎性细胞浸润、汇管区胆管增生、肝细胞萎缩、纤维结缔组织增生、含铁血黄素沉着等变化。肾脏主要表现为肾球囊扩张，肾小管上皮细胞出现不同程度的变性坏死，肾小管内出现蛋白管型，间质程度不同的纤维化和程度不同的炎性细胞浸润。免疫组织化学观察结果发现，9只大熊猫HBV和HEV的阳性检出率比较高，但各例肝肾组织内免疫组织化学阳性反应信号的强弱不尽相同。Mallory三色染色结果显示，9只大熊猫的肝脏和肾脏均出现不同程度的纤维组织增生。上述结果表明，大熊猫的肝脏和肾脏普遍存在炎症病变，而且大多都有不同程度的纤维组织增生性病变。这些病变的发生可能与肝炎病毒的感染有一定的关系。

Observation on Pathological Changes in the Liver and Kidney of Nine Cases of Pandas

The samples of nine cases of panda liver and kidney were collected from the veterinary hospital of Beijing Zoo. The histopathological method was used to observe the pathological lesion of the liver and kidney tissues. The cytochemistry and immunohistochemistric methods were used for detection of the hepatitis virus infection in pandas. The results show that, there are varying degrees of pathological changes in liver and kidney tissues in all samples. The livers see extensive congestion, edema and hemorrhage, and widespread degeneration and atrophy of hepatocytes are observed in some cases. Apart from sporadic necrosis, hepatocytes show multiple-focal necrosis and widespread necrosis. Bile duct proliferation is present in the portal area. The liver interstitium shows inflammatory cell infiltration and fibroplasia. Hemosiderin pigmentation is found in the liver in all cases. Kidney pathological changes consist of extension of the renal glomerulus capsular space, degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration of renal interstitium, and protein cast in the renal tubular. Immunohistochemistry shows that both the positive detectable rates of HBV and HEV are high, however, the extents of the positive reaction are obviously different. Mallory trichromatic staining shows that different levels of proliferation of the fibrous tissue are found in the liver and kidney tissues in the nine cases of pandas. These studies provide evidence that the inflammation reaction prevails in the liver and kidney tissues in the nine cases of pandas and the initiation of the inflammation may be closely related to HBV and HEV.