熵权法在重大危险源应急救援评估中的应用

针对重大危险源发生事故时的特点和影响应急救援能力的因素,建立应急救援能力评价指标体系和层次结构模型,采用层次分析法构建不同层次及各类因素中全部指标的判断矩阵,通过矩阵运算和一致性检验,得到各级指标的权重,并用熵权法对得出的权重进行修正。将2种方法所得出的结果进行对比,结果表明:在熵权法修正指标权重之后,"火灾监测仪表的配备、维护及定期检测情况","预警设备的灵敏度和准确度","重大危险源泄漏报警装置的灵敏度和准确度","监测信息识别、诊断、评价"4个指标的权值大幅度增大。同时,"救援组织能力"这个指标的权值在修订以后则大幅度的减小。相比之下熵权法修订后的结果在一定程度上增强了评估结果的客观性。

Entropy method for major hazards emergency rescue

According to the characteristics of major hazard accidents and the factors influencing the ability of emergency rescue,the index system and the hierarchy structural model were established to assess the major hazard emergency rescue.The judge matrix was constructed with different ranks and sort factors by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The weight,the hierarchy single arrangement and the multi-arrangement were obtained by the matrix operation and consistent test,and the obtained weights were corrected by the entropy method.The results showed that after the weights were corrected by the entropy method,the four indices,called the "instrument equipped with fire monitoring,maintenance and regular testing conditions","the sensitivity and accuracy of warning device","the sensitivity and accuracy of leak alarm device",and "identification,diagnosis,evaluation of the monitoring information".Their weights increased greatly.Mean while,the weight of the index of "capacity of aid organizations",decreased greatly.The results by the entropy method showed that the assessment result was more objective.