一种基于链路质量的蚁群优化VANET路由算法

针对城市环境下车载自组织网络(vehicular ad hoc network， VANET)中车辆信息传输性能不稳定的问题，提出了一种基于链路质量的蚁群路由算法实现信息可靠稳定的传输。通过道路中的车辆密度，通信半径，数据包大小分析当前道路的连通概率、传输时延以及分组投递率，并建立数学模型，评价当前传输道路的链路质量；引入局部链路质量(local link quality， LQ)和全局链路质量(global link quality， GQ)改进蚁群算法的路段选择公式，得到最优的信息传输路径。仿真结果表明，该算法在收敛速度、数据包传输时延和分组投递率方面优于其他算法。该算法的提出能够实现城市场景下车辆信息可靠、稳定、高效地传输。

An ant colony optimization routing algorithm based on link quality for VANET

In view of the unstable performance of vehicle information transmission in urban vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), an ant colony routing algorithm based on link quality is proposed to realize reliable and stable information transmission. Firstly, a link quality mathematical model is constructed by analyzing the connectivity probability, transmission delay and packet delivery rate of the current road, in which the vehicle density, communication radius and packet size are considered. Secondly, local link quality (LQ) and global link quality (GQ) are introduced to improve the link selection formula of ant colony algorithm, and the optimal information transmission path is obtained. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than other algorithms in terms of convergence speed, packet transmission delay and packet delivery rate. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can achieve reliable, stable and efficient transmission of vehicle information in urban scenes.