民事诉讼中自由心证制度适用之现实困境与应对机制研究

目前,民事诉讼过程中,绝大多数的法官在遇到证据不够充分、事实难以认定时更愿意直接适用证据规则,而不愿尝试适用自由心证制度。然而,多数现代国家认为自由心证制度是最好的证据制度,即法官应当发挥其主观能动性,排除外界干扰,基于自身内心的理性和良心对案件进行事实认定,将追求客观真实作为其终极目标,只有在追求客观真实难以实现的情况下才退而求其次选择法律真实,适用证据规则。

On the Realistic Predicament and Coping Mechanism of Application of the System of Free Proof in the Course of Civil Action

At present,the majority of judges prefer to apply directly statutory rules of evidence,rather than trying to apply free proof system in the course of civil action when the evidence is insufficient and the facts are difficult to identify . However,most modern countries considered free proof system is the best evidence system. The free proof system point to evidence a judge or a jury in ascertaining the facts in the process,based on their own conscience, and rational basis and logical rules of thumb,evidence of the proof strength of a free to judge the problem evidence system.