金沙江干热河谷区土壤保持功能评价与生态保护对策研究

以金沙江干热河谷为研究区域,以主导功能土壤保持为切入点,借助遥感和地理信息系统技术,采用通用流失方程计算不同时期的土壤保持量及其空间分布,以此作为生态补偿的依据,在此基础上提出相关对策和措施,得出如下结论:1)从总体上看,随着封山育林等生态环境治理措施的开展,研究区土壤保持功能有所提高。2)从生态类型来看,森林的土壤保持量最大,其次是高山草地,这两种生态类型都处于功能区外围,极易受外界环境变化的干扰,因此需要予以重点保护。3)从行政区来看,会泽县的土壤保持功能最高,宁南县等土壤保持功能水平虽然不高,但提高较快,说明这些地区的生态治理效果突出;雷波县的土壤保持量减少比较明显,主要是因为人类活动导致的植被覆盖减少,应该引起重视。

Study on Soil Conservation Function Assessment and Eco-system Protection Strategy of Jinshajiang Dry-Hot Valley

Ecosystem Services Assessment is a priority issue of ecological function zoning and ecological compensation policy. In this paper, taking Jinshajiang Dry-Hot Valley as the study area and taking soil conservation function as the target, using RUSLE （Revised Universal soil loss equation ） to calculate soil conversation value and its spatial distribution in different periods based on GIS and RS technology, as the basis for ecological compensation and making some protection strategies and measures. Some conclusions can be drawn： （1） totally, the function of soil conservation has enhanced with protection policy development such as forest closing. （2） as far as the ecological types are concerned, the best is forest and the second is grass land. They are the focus of protection because they are the edge of study area, and are easier to be disturbed by outer environments. （3） as for different administrative regions, the best is Huize county. Although the function of Ningnan county is not very good but it is enhanced fast, which implies the achievements on ecological recovery. The soil conservation value of Leibo county reduced obviously due to activities of human beings and more attention need to be paid.