基于GIS的北京城区老字号小吃店空间分布特征研究

老字号小吃店不仅是北京重要的城市名片,更是北京文化遗产的重要组成部分。在数据整理的基础上,从老字号小吃店的风味及消费水平两个方面入手,通过缓冲区分析、核密度分析、标准差椭圆等方法研究北京城区老字号小吃店的空间分布特征,旨在为老字号餐饮业空间格局优化、文化遗产保护传承提供借鉴。研究结果表明:北京城区老字号小吃店以京味汉民小吃和低档小吃为主;95%的网点位于主干道路1 000 m缓冲区范围内,交通便利;空间分布中心位于西城区,呈"东—西"分布格局,具有在中心城区明显集聚、外围城区分散分布的非均衡分布特点。

Study on the Spatial Distribution of Beijing Time-honored Brand Snackeries in GIS

The Time-honored Brand snackeries are not only important name cards of Beijing, but also important parts of the cultural heritages of Beijing. Based on the investigation of Time-honored Brand snackeries in Beijing, the spatial features of the snackeries were summarized with the methods of buffer analysis, kernel density, and standard deviational ellipse. It aimed to provide advices for optimizing the urban caterings patterns, developing the Time-honored Brand caterings, and protecting cultural heritages. With the analysis of the spatial distribution of cuisines and catering classes, it concluded that Beijing Han dishes and Low-class snacks occupied a dominant position. 95% snackeries located in the 1000m buffer area of main roads, and the transportation is convenient. Beijing Time-honored Brand snackeries developed in an unbalanced way, their distribution center located in Xicheng district, and displayed the "Eastern-Western" pattern. They were aggregating in the central city,at the same time they were scattered in the periphery, and their quantities decreased generally from the center to the periphery as a development circle.