综合零部件-整车的VOCs多级溯源数学模型与方法

为降低整车挥发性有机化合物（Volatile Organic Compounds， VOCs）并寻求解决方案，提出一种新的VOCs多级溯源定量分析数学模型与方法.该方法首次综合考虑零部件散发VOCs的交互协同效应以及基于国标限值的VOCs单一组分危害程度，建立了从零部件到整车的VOCs溯源分析数学模型.综合应用多目标决策法和三角模糊数语义学定义理论，构建定量分析多级VOCs溯源数学模型中各级影响权重的成对比较矩阵和计算多级组合权重的理论方法.所提出的VOCs溯源定量分析数学模型与方法不仅能够准确分析各种VOCs组分对整车VOCs贡献度大小序次，而且能够定量求解零部件散发VOCs交互协同作用下各零部件对整车VOCs的贡献度大小，从而为开展车内VOCs的溯源与控制提供更为准确的理论方法.某款车型的案例验证研究结果表明：各VOCs组分对案例车型中VOCs组分贡献大小的排序为甲醛>乙醛>甲苯>二甲苯>乙苯；零部件对整车VOCs贡献大小的排序为前排座椅>后排座椅>地毯>仪表板和顶棚.案例研究证明了某一零部件对车内VOCs的贡献，并不是该零部件各种VOCs组分的简单叠加，而是多种零部件VOCs散发组分协同作用的综合体现.

Multi-level VOCs Traceability Mathematical Model and Method Synthelically Considering Parts and a Whole Vehicle

In order to reduce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a vehicle and find the solution, this study proposes a new mathematical model and method of quantitative analyzing and tracing VOCs at multi-levels. In the present work, it is the first time to establish a multi-level VOCs mathematical analysis model and tracing method from vehicle parts to a whole vehicle by synthetically considering both the interactive effects of VOCs compositions emitted from different vehicle parts, and the hazard level of each composition of VOCs based on the national standard limits. This study also applies the multi-objective decision method with the triangular fuzzy number semantics definition theory to construct a pairwise comparison matrix for quantitatively analyzing the influence weights of different levels and the combined weights of multi-levels. The proposed VOCs tracing method can not only accurately analyze the contribution sequence of different VOCs compositions to the VOCs in a whole vehicle, but also quantitatively calculate the contribution of each typical vehicle part to the VOCs in a whole vehicle considering the interaction effects of different VOC compositions coming from different parts, and thus providing a more accurate theoretical method for the traceability and control of VOCs in vehicles. The case study shows that the contribution sequence of different VOC compositions is ranked as formaldehyde > acetaldehyde > toluene > xylene > ethylbenzene. The contribution sequence of vehicle parts to the VOCs in a whole vehicle is ranked as front seats > rear seats > carpet > dashboard and ceiling. The case study proves that the contribution of a vehicle part to the VOCs in a whole vehicle is not a simple superposition of all VOCs compositions, and it is the interaction results coming from different vehicle parts.