基于CRITIC和TOPSIS的区域工业科技创新能力评价研究

为有效评价区域工业科技创新能力,构建了融合绝对值指标和平均值指标的评价指标体系。以28个地区为研究对象,基于目前最新的2014—2017年数据,使用基于指标相关性的权重确定法(CRITIC)确定指标权重,运用逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)从"静态"和"动态"两个视角评价,识别出各地区工业科技创新能力的现状和发展。研究发现,技术引进、自主创新、RD人员和经费、RD项目活跃度、科技成果转化始终是影响各地区工业科技创新能力提升的重要因素。"静态"评价结果显示,中国工业科技创新能力总体一般,地区间差异较大,"很强"和"较强"的地区只有广东、江苏、上海、北京、浙江和山东6个省市。"动态"评价结果显示,工业科技创新能力发展存在明显的区域依存,强弱格局比较稳定,短期内难以改变。研究成果表明,该指标体系和模型能够有效评价区域工业科技创新能力。最后,结合重要影响因素,给出提升工业科技创新能力的建议。

Evaluation of regional industrial S&T innovation capability based on CRITIC and TOPSIS

In order to effectively evaluate the regional industrial S&T innovation capability, an evaluation index system integrating absolute value indexes and average value indexes was constructed. Based on the latest data of 28 regions from 2014 to 2017, the weights of indicators were determined by CRITIC method and the current situation and development of industrial S&T innovation capability in 28 regions were identified by TOPSIS method from two perspectives of "static" and "dynamic" evaluation. It is found that technology introduction, independent innovation, R&D personnel and funds, R&D project activity, and the transformation of S&T achievements are always the important factors affecting the upgrading of regional industrial S&T innovation capability. The results of "static" evaluation show that China''s industrial S&T innovation capability is general as a whole, with great regional differences. Only six provinces and cities namely Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang and Shandong are "very strong" and "strong". The results of "dynamic" evaluation show that there is obvious regional dependence in the development of industrial S&T innovation capability, the pattern of strength and weakness is relatively stable, and it is difficult to change in short term. The research results also show that the index system and model presented can effectively evaluate the regional industrial S&T innovation ability. Finally, combined with the important affecting factors, some suggestions were given to improve the innovation ability of industrial S&T.