微卫星与生化位点法对BALB/c小鼠遗传检测比较分析

目的 应用微卫星DNA标记检测BALB/c小鼠的遗传质量，并与现行国家标准生化标记法进行比较，探讨其在近交系小鼠遗传监测中的应用，为建立微卫星DNA检测方法奠定基础。方法 采用20个微卫星基因位点和毛细管电泳技术对BALB/c小鼠进行遗传质量检测，同时采用现行国家标准生化标记法进行检测比较分析。结果 各样品20个微卫星基因位点DNA片段大小相同，没有新的等位基因出现；生化标记检测结果亦显示Akp1等14个生化标记基因均为纯合，个体间生化标记表型均一致，根据国家标准符合品系特征。微卫星DNA标记检测结果与生化标记检测结果一致。结论 微卫星DNA标记可准确可靠、方便快捷地检测近交系小鼠遗传质量，本研究所选的20个微卫星基因位点可用于BALB/c小鼠遗传质量监测。

Genetic Analysis of BALB/c Mice by Using Microsatelite DNA Markers and Biochemical Markers

Microsatelite DNA marker is one of the most valuable genetic marker, in order to discuss it’s applicability in genetic monitor of BALB/c mice, and lay the foundation for establishing STR genetic quality monitor method, 20 microsatelite DNA markers and capillary electrophoresis were adopted to genetic detect BALB/c mice, and compared with biochemical marker analysis in current national standards．The result showed that the DNA fragments of 20 microsatelite loci of each sample were the same, there were no new alleles. Biochemical marker analysis also showed that fourteen biochemical marker genes were homozygous, the phenotypes of biochemical markers were consistent, according to current national standards, the sample conformed to strain characteristics. The STR method result were coincident with that of Biochemical marker analysis. The microsatelite DNA marker method is more accurate, reliable, rapid and convenient, and the 20 microsatelite DNA markers selected in this study could be used to monitor genetic quality of BALB/c mice．