应用 COMT 基因 SNP 位点鉴别拉布拉多和金毛猎犬胆量行为的研究

摘要:目的 检测拉布拉多和金毛猎犬儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶( Catechol-O-methyltransferase,COMT)基因 SNP 位点的多态性,并统计分析 SNP 位点的基因型及单倍型与犬胆量行为间的关联性,以期为工作犬培训的前期筛选提供有效的遗传学分子标记。 方法 选取 91 只拉布拉多和 27 只金毛猎犬,共计 118 只,采用犬胆量评估( dog courage assessment,DCA)测试方法对犬的胆量行为进行评估,用高分辨率熔解曲线法( high resolution melting,HRM) 对该118 只犬的 COMT 基因的 4 个 SNP 位点:-1 666 bp C>G、c. 39 A>G、c. 216 G>A 和 c. 482 G>A 进行基因型鉴定,应用SPSS 19. 0 和 PHASE 2. 1 软件统计分析 4 个 SNP 位点的基因型和单倍型与犬胆量行为之间的相关性。 结果 拉布拉多和金毛猎犬的品种、性别和年龄与犬的胆量行为之间没有显著关联性( P>0. 05) 。 COMT 基因的 4 个 SNP 位点的基因型与拉布拉多和金毛猎犬的胆量行为之间存在显著相关性( P< 0. 01) 。 COMT 基因 4 个 SNP 位点的单倍型与拉布拉多和金毛猎犬的胆小性情显著相关( P<0. 01) ,并且 c. 216 G>A 和 c. 482 G>A 位点的 A 等位基因在犬的胆小行为上起主导作用。 结论 COMT 基因的 4 个 SNP 位点的基因型和单倍型与拉布拉多和金毛猎犬的胆量行为之间存在显著相关性,提示 COMT 基因对犬的胆量行为具有显著的影响,可作为胆小犬早期鉴定的有效遗传学分子标记。

Study on the Application of COMT Gene SNP Loci in the Identification of the Timid Temperament of Labrador and Golden Retriever

Objective To detect the polymorphism of the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)loci of catecholO-methyltransferase(COMT)gene in Labrador and Golden Retriever for statistically analyzing the association between the genotypes and haplotypes of the SNP loci and the timid temperament,in order to provide effective genetic biomarkers for pre-selection of guide dogs.Method One hundred and eighteen dogs(91 Labrador and 27 Golden Retriever)were selected.The dog courage assessment(DCA)was used to assess the courage behavior of dogs.High resolution melting(HRM)was used to detect the genotype of the 4 SNPs of COMT gene:-1666 bp C>G,c.39 A>G,c.216 G>A and c.482 G>A.Finally,the SPSS 19.0 and PHASE 2.1 software were used to analyze the correlations between the genotypes and haplotypes of the 4 SNPs of COMT gene and courage behavior.Result No significant correlation between the breed,sex,or age and courage behavior of Labrador and Golden Retriever(P>0.05)was detected.However,a significant collection between the genotypes of the 4 SNPs of COMT gene and courage behavior was found(P<0.01).In addition,the haplotypes of the 4 SNPs loci of COMT gene were also found to be significantly associated with the timidity of Labrador and Golden Retriever(P<0.01),and the A alleles at the c.216 G>A and c.482 G>A sites played a dominant role.Conclusion There were significant correlations between genotypes and haplotypes of the 4 SNPs of the COMT gene and courage behavior of Labrador and Golden Retriever.This suggests that the SNP of COMT gene may significantly affect the dog’s timid temperament and can be used as an effective genetic molecular marker to assist early identification of timid dogs.