城村古建民居的建筑物理环境测试与分析

针对福建省武夷山市城村的古建民居,分别在冬季和夏季进行了室内外建筑物理环境测试.测试内容包括村落室外气象参数、室外风环境、室内热环境和室内光环境等.测试结果表明:城村的主街巷道全年风速适宜,热环境良好.冬季民居大厅白天较舒适,在夜晚偏冷,而卧室全天较为舒适.夏季民居大厅和卧室在夜晚较舒适,而在白天偏热.全年的室内空气湿度都比较高,不利于人体的热舒适.室内平均风速很低,基本无风压和热压通风.大厅采光较为充足,而卧室采光严重不足.相比民居,新宅大厅气温在夜晚较高,新宅卧室气温全天明显较高,而空气湿度则相对较低.针对测试结果,提出了城村民居的改造方案.

Test and analysis on the architectural physical environment of ancient dwellings in Chengcun village

Aimed at ancient dwellings in Chengcun village in Wuyishan city of Fujian province, the indoor and outdoor building physical environment tests were carried out respectively in winter and summer. The tests included village outdoor meteorological parameters, outdoor wind environment, indoor thermal environment and indoor light environment. Test results show that the wind speed of main streets of Chengcun village is appropriate and the outdoor thermal environment is favorable all year round. In winter, the thermal environment is comfortable in bedroom throughout the day, and is comfortable in hall in daylight, but rather cold at night. In summer, it is comfortable in hall and bedroom at night, but is hot in daylight. Indoor thermal environment of the ancient dwellings facing the south is better than those facing the east, and is warmer in winter and cooler in summer. The indoor mean radiant temperature is close to the air temperature, so that the indoor thermal radiation effect is not obvious. The indoor air humidity is high all year round, this is not conducive to the thermal comfort of human body. The indoor average wind speed is very low, there is almost no wind pressure and thermal pressure ventilation. The daylight is relatively abundant in hall, but is seriously insufficient in bedroom. Compared with the ancient dwellings, air temperature in hall of the new house is higher in the night, while air temperature in bedroom of the new house is significantly higher throughout the day, and the air humidity is relatively low.