江西红壤区农户水土保持行为机理--以兴国县为例

以农户调查数据为基础,通过对农户水土保持行为机理分析,确定区位与经济发展水平、农户兼业经济行为、农业经营规模、劳动力状况、水土流失现状等5大类因素为影响农户进行水土保持投入的主要因素,并进一步量化成11项具体指标,通过SPSS软件对各项量化指标与水土保持投入行为进行相关性分析,建立多元线性回归模型．模型运行结果表明,农户水土保持投资决策行为主要受到农户家庭人均收入、非农收入比例、农业经营土地面积、家庭从事农业人口数量以及水土流失减产损失因素的影响．而不同因素对于农户水土保持投资决策行为的影响是不一样的．距离城镇近的农村,从事非农业生产的机会高,因此,对于以农业为主要目标的水土保持投资兴趣不大;家庭农业人口数量多的农户,由于受到食物需求的压力,其受到的水土保持投资激励也大;同时,来自种植业占家庭收入比例高的村庄,其从事水土保持的积极性更高．最后章提出,在稳定国家水土保持治理投资政策的前提下,通过建立农村土地流转机制以及水土流失治理“合作组织 农户”、“公司 农户”等的组织制度,推进水土保持治理．

Studies on the Mechanism of Farmers' Water and Soil Conservation in Jiangxi Red Soil Region

Based on the investigation of the (farmers's) water and soil conservation behavior, it was found that five aspects (the regional economic level, the more posts of the farmers, the scale of agricultural land management,the status of agricultural labors and the soil_water losses) are the main factors affecting investment on (farmers to) water and soil conservation. These five factors can be expressed by 11 indexes to highlight the investment behavior of water_soil conservation. By establishing a linear regression model,it was found that average income, proportion of income, the scale management of agriculture, agriculture population and soil_water losses are the main factors influencing the investment on farmers to water and soil conservation. Because of the multi_operation behavior, the farmers who are near the cities often have smaller interest in water_soil conservation. Because of the food pressure, the farmers who have a larger family have more interest in water_soil conservation. Farmers who have more income in planting have more interest in water_soil conservation. We put forward thus a piece of advice to establish a land transference system and set up "cooperative organization + farmer" and "company + farmer" systems.