城市国有土地收购储备机制研究

我国城市土地有偿使用取得了瞩目的成就，但仍然存在有偿使用范围小、形式单一、以协议出让为主以及土地多方供应等弊端，削弱了城市土地供应的垄断性，影响了国有土地资产在经济上的实现。分析了建立城市土地收购储备机制的必要性，分析了城市土地收购储备机制及其驱动力，即适时收购、收回、置换、征用和开发、储备、供应土地，实现一个渠道进水、一个池子蓄水、一个笼头放水的土地垄断供应局面。这将有利于城市土地市场的规范和培育、城市化的有序发展和耕地资源的有效保护。作为土地管理的一项制度创新，在土地收购储备机制建立过程中，应加强相关法律支撑体系、土地收购价格评估、土地垄断供应与市场供需关系、资金筹措、风险防范等问题的研究。

An Approach to the Mechanism of the Urban Land Purchase and Storage

Since the urban land use-right system was first carried out in Shenzhen in 1987, the ownership of the state land in China has been gradually achieved economically and the land market has come into being and developed rapidly. Meanwhile, there are still some problems in the process of the paid urban land use system, such as limited paid urban land use, varied supplying channels of the existent urban land, higher proportion of the agreement grant, and so on. These above problems have obviously led to the city's overspreading, a lot of unused arable land, and heavy loss of tile state urban land property. Therefore, it is necessary for standardizing the land market and protecting the arable land to constitute the mechanism of the monopolistic supplication of the urban land. The experiments at home and abroad show that constructing the mechamsm of the urban land purchase and storage (MULPS) is an effective way for the monopolistic supplication of the urban land. The MULPS is the mechanism with which the urban land purchase and storage center supplies urban construction land timely by purchasing, regaining, replacing and taking over land, and developing and storing in land earlier stages according to integrated land use planning, urban planning and the condition of the supplication and demand in the land market. It can supply the land not only as a kind of resource, but also as a kind of property and capital for urbandevelopment. The basic structure of the urban land monopolistic supplication is that the land is input by a single channel, stored by a single reservoir and output by a single efferent. The driving force of the MULPS is setting up the land bank where the capital can be from credit assurance, land mortgage, land stock and land use-fight grant charge, etc.