上海崇明东滩鸟类自然保护区生态环境及有效管理评价

选取多样性、自然性、代表性等7指标对上海崇明东滩鸟类自然保护区进行了生态环境状况评价，通过指标等级化处理，利用德尔菲法（Delphi）进行专家咨询，结合实际调查算出崇明东滩鸟类自然保护区生态环境综合指数为70.93，依据保护区评价标准可知崇明东滩自然保护区生态环境质量一般；同时选取管理条件、管理措施、科研基础、管理成效等13项指标对自然保护区进行有效管理评价，通过专家咨询和实际调查，计算出自然保护区有效管理综合指数为51.25，依据保护区评价标准可知崇明东滩自然保护区有效管理水平一般，最后，针对评价结果，分析了影响保护区生态环境质量和有效管理成效的关键因子及保护区目前所面临的主要问题，并提出了相应的对策和建议。

The Ecological and Management Evaluation of Chongming Dongtan Birds Nature Reserve

In this paper, 7 criteria, such as diversity, representativeness, naturalness etc. are used in assessing ecological quality of Chongming Dongtan Birds Nature Reserve, located in Shanghai. Through grading and weighting these criteria, based on the methods of Delphi, the ecological composite evaluating index is calculated (ECEI=70.93). It suggests that the ecological quality of the reserve is normal in general according to evaluating standards of the nature reserve. Meanwhile 13 criteria, such as management measures, achievement, scientific research etc., are used in assessing management effects of the nature reserve. The management composite evaluating index (MCEI=51.25) suggests that the management quality is also generally normal. Finally, the reserve's problems are analyzed on both ecological quality and management effects. The corresponding proposals are put forward in this paper.