具有反秀丽隐杆线虫捕食能力的根际细菌的筛选及其反捕食机理的研究

虽然生物菌肥具有多效、环保、可持续等多种优点,但经常被生活在土壤中的其他生物捕食而减少其实际应用效果.细菌为应对捕食演化出多种机制,排斥或杀死线虫.对具有反捕食能力的菌株进行筛选,能够得到具有高竞争力的菌株.以秀丽线虫为样本,对细菌进行对峙试验,得到两株具有较高反捕食能力的植物促生细菌:橘黄假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aurantiaca)JD37、荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)P13.以大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)OP50为对照,线虫对3株细菌的偏好性由强至弱依次为P13、OP50、JD37.缓慢杀线试验中,JD37、P13对秀丽线虫的致死率分别达26.12%和18.66%.在单培养下,JD37能使线虫活力下降,产卵数量减少.化学和分子生物学研究显示:JD37不能产生任何已知的杀线次级代谢产物,而P13能够产生氰化氢(HCN).以上结果表明JD37能够抵御秀丽线虫捕食,在捕食压力下有较强竞争力,作为生物菌肥具有广泛的应用前景.

Study on screening of anti-predator rhizosphere bacterium against Caenorhabditis elegans and its anti predation mechanism

Althoughmicrobial fertilizer is multi-effect,environmental friendly and long-term efficient,its practical application effect is but decreased for being prey by the other creators living in soil frequently.Many bacterium have developed their mechanisms that expel or kill worms to defend themselves from predators.Screening of anti-predator rhizosphere bacterium helps us to find out competitive plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR).Using Caenorhabditis elegans as sample,this study roughly observed two strains of biocontrol:Pseudomonas aurantiaca JD37 and Pseudomonas fluorescens P13.Using Escherichia coli OP50 as control group,we find the preference order of worms,from highest to lowest,is P13,OP50 and JD37.In slow killing assay,the death rate of worms for JD37 and P13 are 26.12% and 18.66% respectively.The activity and reproduction rate of C.elegans decrease when it is fed on JD37.The results of chemical and micro-biological study show that JD37 cannot produce any currently studied second metabolites which kill worms,while P13 can produce Hydrogen cyanide (HCN).All these results show that JD37 has the ability of anti-predator,and is more competitive under predation pressure,which suggests its broad application prospect as microbial fertilizer.