多源流理论视域下我国体教融合政策的变迁动力与优化路径

采用文献资料、专家访谈等方法,基于多源流的公共政策过程分析框架,回溯新中国成立以来我国体教融合政策变迁历程,探求政策变迁的动力,提出促进政策变迁的优化路径。研究认为：我国体教融合政策变迁源于三重动力：高水平运动员与社会脱节严重、青少年体质健康危机、体育教育价值功能的认识偏差等问题,使有关议题进入政策视野,形成问题源流;政策源流中“两会”代表和专家学者的政策建议以及利益相关者的诉求表达是推动体教融合系列政策形成的“政策原汤”;政治源流中党中央执政理念的与时俱进、国民情绪的舆论导向以及国际体教融合的环境引领示范,为体教融合政策的形成奠定了坚实的政治基础。三大源流交互耦合,合力推动了体教融合政策的变迁。未来,各部门应密切关注待解决现实问题,持续监督与反馈政策矛盾与危机;搭建充分的利益表达平台,形成体教融合政策共同体良性互动机制;践行国家改革理念和发展战略,优化体教融合问题治理环境;发挥政策企业家的正向作用,增加体教融合“政策之窗”的开启频率。

The change motive force and optimization path of China's sports education integration policy from the perspective of multi-source flow theory

Using the methods of literature review and expert interview, based on the analysis framework of multi-source public policy process, this paper traces the history of the policy change of sports education integration in China since the founding of new China, explores the driving force of the policy change, and puts forward the optimization path to promote the policy change. The research shows that: the change of sports education integration policy in China stems from three driving forces: the serious disconnection between high-level athletes and society, the health crisis of teenagers, the cognitive deviation of the value function of physical education and other issues, which make the relevant issues into the policy vision and form the source of problems; In the origin of the policy, the policy suggestions of the representatives of the two sessions, experts and scholars, and the appeal expression of stakeholders are the "original soup" to promote the formation of a series of policies on the integration of sports and education; In the political origin, the ruling idea of the Party Central Committee keeps pace with the times, the public opinion guidance of national sentiment and the environment leading demonstration of international sports and education integration have laid a solid political foundation for the formation of sports and education integration policy. The interaction of the three sources promotes the change of sports education integration policy. Looking forward to the future, we should pay close attention to the realistic problems to be solved and timely adjust the contradictions and crises of policy changes; Build a full platform of interest expression to provide more choices for policy changes; To practice the national reform concept and development strategy, we should focus on the direction of the policy change of the integration of education and education; Seize the key time node, increase the opening frequency of "policy window" of sports education integration.