贵州布依族药用植物科属组成和区系特征

利用民族植物学文献分析法并结合野外调查,对贵州省布依族药用植物进行统计分析,结果表明贵州布依族使用的植物药共539种,其基源植物共有252种,隶属97科、230属.根据吴征镒科属分布区类型分析,贵州布依族药用种子植物有14种分区类型,其中以泛热带和北温带分布类型为主;药用植物生活习性分析表明,布依族药用植物主要以草本为主,乔木和藤本占比较大,表明贵州布依族生活环境更偏热带的特点;药用部位分析表明,贵州布依族主要利用植物的根.此外,贵州布依族药用植物还使用了其他民族未使用的一些外来物种,如鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)等.

Species composition and floristic characteristics of Buyi medicinal plants in Guizhou province

Using the enthnobotanic document analysis plus field investigations,this research gives a statistical analysis of the medicinal plants of the Buyi people in Guizhou province. The results show that they have used a total of539 kinds of plant medicines,which belong to 252 species,230 genera and 97 families. According to the genera areal-types by Professor Wu Zhengyi,the medicinal spermatophytes of the Buyi people consist of fourteen kinds of the partition type,of which those of the tropical and north temperate distribution are dominant. The growth behaviors of these plant medicines show that the Buyi prefer medicinal herbs,while medicinal arbor and vines are also popular,which indicates that their living environment has morel tropical characteristics. The roots of these medicinal plants are more used than other parts. This research also reveals that the Buyi people in Guizhou province have used some exotic species like Bidens pilosa which are unknown to other ethnic groups.