桂西北岩溶地区桑科榕属植物果实多糖含量比较

为了开发利用桂西北岩溶地区丰富的桑科榕属植物资源，采用超声波辅助法提取，苯酚一硫酸法测定桑科榕属植物果实多糖的含量，通过单因素试验和正交试验优化多糖提取的最佳工艺条件，并对其进行验证。结果表明：黄毛榕果实多糖提取的最佳工艺条件是：料液比1：40，提取时间60min，提取温度80℃，超声波功率160w。此条件下黄毛榕未成熟果实多糖的提取率为1．61％。按黄毛榕多糖提取的最佳工艺条件提取并测定的14种桑科榕属植物果实多糖含量为0．39％～3．63％，其中舶梨榕果实多糖含量最高，斜叶榕果实多糖含量最低，不同成熟度的榕属植物果实，其多糖含量略有差异，不同的桑科榕属植物果实，其多糖含量有较明显的差异。

Comparison of Polysaccharide Content in Ficus Fruit Collected from Karst Areas of the Northwest Guangxi

In order to develop the rich resource of Ficus in karst areas of northwest Guangxi, polysaccha- ride content of Ficus fruit was measured by the phenol - sulfuric acid method with ultrasonic assisted extraction. The best process conditions of polysaccharide extraction were optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal test. The extraction rate of polysaccharide was validated by the related experiment. The results show that the opti- mal polysaccharide extraction conditions of F. esquiroliana fruit are as follows ： liquid ratio ： 1 ： 40, extraction time ： 60 min, extraction temperature： 80 ~C, ultrasonic power： 160 W. Under these conditions, the polysaccharides ex- traction rate of immature F. esquiroliana fruit is the highest （1.61%）. The range of polysaccharides content of 14 species of F. fruits extracted with the best process conditions of F. esquiroliana fruit is 0.39% ~ 3.63%. The highest and the lowest polysaccharide content of the F. fruits are F. miUettii and F. gibbosa respectively. The pol- ysaccharide content of different maturity fruit is slightly different. There is obvious difference of polysaccharide con- tent between different species of F. fruits.