轨钢磨损行为的试验

在实验室条件下用圆盘试样模拟了钢轨的接触条件。研究了滑差和接触应力对珠光体轨钢磨损行为的影响。通过滚磨表面下扫描电镜观察及测试,分析了磨损过程中的磨损形式及其相互作用机理。结果表明,磨损速率随滑差而增大,滑差增至4％时,达到极限摩擦系数。磨损量与滑动摩擦功呈线性关系,与滑动距离成正比。干磨条件下,表层组织发生强烈的塑性形变,使组织沿平行于表面层状分布。粘附磨损和疲劳磨损是轨钢的主要磨损形式。

A Testing Investigation of Wear Behaviour for a Rail Steel

The contact condition of rail was simulated with twin - disk in laboratory. Effects of creepages and contact stresses on wear behaviours in pearlitic rail steel have been studied, based on the appearance observations and surveying below surface by SEM, the wear forms and their mutual effects in wear process have been approached. It is concluded that wear rates increase with both creepage level and contact pressure. The friction coefficients increase with creepages and when creepages rise to 4%, the limiting friction coefficient is reached. Mass loss is linear with sliding friction works and in proportion to sliding distances. Microstructures below surface show intense plastic deformation in dry wear and lamellarly distribute aling the direction of paralleled with surface. Adhesive wear and surface - fatigue wear are the two major wear forms in rail steel.