中国降水场的时空分布变化

 分析了全国160个气象观测站51a(1951-03～2002-02)的月季降水量距平场的时空分布变化规律得出:我国降水空间分布的主要类型是南北分布;统计降水量的时间尺度越大,则降水量的空间分布尺度也越大;冬季降水的空间分布尺度比夏季大;夏季降水空间分布的年际变化比冬季大;春、夏季的降水空间分布变化具有较为显著的正相关关系;春季降水空间分布具有2.4～3.0a的显著周期存在,冬季降水空间分布也具有2.3～2.8a的显著周期存在.

The spatial and temporal distribution variation of precipitation field over China

The spatial and temporal distribution variation characteristics of the rainfall over China are analyzed by using precipitation anomaly field of every month and every season from March in 1951 to February in 2002 of nationwide 160 meteorological observing stations.There are six main conclusions as follows:①the main type of Chinese precipitation spatial distribution is latitudinal pattern;②the time scale of precipitation is as large as the spatial distribution scale of precipitation;③the spatial distribution scale of Winter rainfall is larger than that of Summer rainfall;④the interannual change of Summer rainfall spatial distribution is larger than that of Winter rainfall spatial distribution;⑤the positive correlation of the precipitation spatial distribution variation of Spring and Summer is much significant;⑥the spatial distribution of Spring precipitation has significance period which is about 2.4～3.0 years,and the spatial distribution of Winter rainfall has also significance period which is about 2.3～2.8 years.