地下工程中岩爆灾害的成因及防治措施

岩爆是地下工程掘进过程中所遇到一种动力地质灾害，其危害较大。根据当前国内外大量岩爆的统计资料，结合在二郎山隧道知锦屏二级水电站勘探洞所遇到的岩爆现象，提出了岩爆是由构造、浅表生改造、围岩的岩体强度、岩层产状、围岩应力状态、变形特性、地下工程布置等多种影响因素综合作用的结果。就岩爆的力学机制问题，认为岩爆力学机制的实质属于压致拉裂破坏。

Rockburst Hazard and Its Forcast and Treatments in Underground Engineering

Rockburst is a serious damage geologic hazard. According to the rockburst phenomenon in Erlangshan tunnel and the Jinping 2nd hydropower station and a large of rockburst data,this paper proposes that rockburst is a result that many factors synthesize. These factors include teconics ,epigenetic and superficial structure, wall-rock intensity, attitude of rocks, wall-rock state of stress, wall-rock deformation and underground engineering arrangement, etc. It is given that the mechanism of rockburst is a tension fracture damage under press.