在侵略性介质中植物提取物基绿色缓蚀剂的研究进展

在侵略性介质中，金属如碳钢、铜、铝等的腐蚀不可避免并可能造成严重后果，因此防护金属腐蚀非常必要且具有重要意义。与化学合成的有机缓蚀剂相比较，植物提取物基缓蚀剂具有许多独特优点，例如高效率、低成本、可再生与可持续，且符合低碳与绿色化工要求，有利于实现碳达峰与碳中和目标，得到人们极大关注。由于含有许多杂原子基团，植物提取物易与金属发生物理或化学作用形成吸附膜，进而阻碍侵略性物种与金属表面的直接接触，从而阻滞或抑制金属表面的电化学反应，实现在多种侵略性介质中对金属的腐蚀防护，阻止金属溶解。本文重点综述了近二十年植物提取物作为在侵略性介质中抗金属腐蚀材料的研究进展，特别是关于抑制钢腐蚀的研究进展，探讨了其作为有机绿色缓蚀剂的科学基础与应用潜能，并展望了本领域未来研究重点与研究目标，为人们利用探索天然产物基的有机缓蚀剂提供一定指导作用。

Research progress of plant extract-based green corrosion inhibitors in aggressive media

Metal corrosion occurs absolutely in aggressive media, which may cause serious consequences. Therefore, it is very important and significant to realize metal corrosion inhibition. As compared with chemically synthesized organic corrosion inhibitors, plant extract-based inhibitors have many unique advantages, such as low cost, environment-friendly, renewable and sustainable. Hence, the use of plant extract-based organic corrosion inhibitor meets the requirements of low-carbon and green chemical industry, which is conducive to achieving the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization in China. The use of plant extract-based organic corrosion inhibitors to prevent metal corrosion has attracted intensive attention. In this review, the research progress of natural plant extracts as metal corrosion inhibitors in recent two decades is analyzed, and the scientific basis and application of plant extracts-based organic green corrosion inhibitors are discussed. Plant extracts containing abundant heteroatomic groups are prone to process physical or chemical interaction with metal surface for the formation of adsorption films, which hinders the direct contact between metal surface and aggressive species. Thus, the electrochemical reaction on metal surface is blocked or inhibited. This helps us in realization of the protection of metal corrosion in different aggressive media and prevention of metal dissolution. This paper also gives perspective of research focus and objectives in this field, and guides us to explore organic corrosion inhibitors based on natural products.