抗蛇行减振器常见故障对高速列车动力学性能的影响

以CRH380B型动车组为实例,结合实际中常见的抗蛇行减振器故障,基于车辆动力学理论,利用动力学仿真软件SIMPACK建立动力学模型,通过改变抗蛇行减振器阻尼特性来模拟不同故障类型,从而对车辆进行动力学研究.结果表明:当抗蛇行减振器故障后的剩余阻尼力在标准阻尼力50%以下时,对车体平稳性、稳定性、曲线通过性能均有很大影响.其中当抗蛇行减振器剩余阻尼力为标准力值的50%时,车体垂向和横向平稳性指标分别达到了1.85和2.20,脱轨系数达到了0.45,非线性临界速度降低到了271km/h.得出抗蛇行减振器的最佳阻尼特性:当卸荷速度为0.03m/s,卸荷力为8~9kN时,车辆各动力学性能达到相对最优状态.

Influences of common faults of anti-yaw damper on dynamic performances of high-speed train

Taking CRH380B as an instance,combined with common anti-yaw damper faults in practice,a vehicle dynamics model is established using SIMPACK simulation soft-ware based on vehicle dynamics theory,and research on vehicle dynamics is conducted by changing the damping characteristics of anti-yaw damper to simulate different types of faults.The results show that anti-yaw damper faults have great impacts on the riding quality,stability and curve negotiation performance of the vehicle when the residual damping force of anti-yaw damper is less than 50％ of the standard damping force after damper faults.The vertical and lateral riding indexes of the vehicle are 1.85 and 2.20 respectively,the derailment coefficient reaches 0.45,and the nonlinear critical velocity reduces to 271 km/h when the residual damping force is 50％ of the standard force.If anti-yaw damper has a character of unloading speed of 0.03 m/s and unloading force of 8～9 kN,the dynamic performance of the vehicle could reach a relative optimal state.