湄洲湾秀屿港进港航道悬沙分布特征和运移趋势

湄洲湾秀屿港是福建海岸重要的港口之一,港口发展需要了解湄洲湾海域的海流及悬沙分布变化特征.本研究对湄洲湾秀屿港进港航道3个站位进行周日连续水文、泥沙观测,通过对获取的数据进行分析比较,得出湄洲湾秀屿进港航道泥沙变化特征和运移特征.湄洲湾潮流为正规半日潮流.由于受地形所制约,潮流为比较稳定的往复流.涨、落急时刻流速大,含沙量随之增大并形成于底层.由于湄洲湾无大径流输沙,周边海岸的侵蚀输沙影响也不大,海域悬沙量浓度主要取决于潮流掀沙.本调查区域悬沙的颗粒主要集中在0.004~0.063 mm,现场测定的海流流速与泥沙的启动流速相关,流速与泥沙的浓度基本是正相关关系.湄洲湾余流总趋势是表层向外,底层向内,在近湾顶的秀屿西北海区存在潮汐余流环流,断面净输沙量进大于出.

The Sediment Properties and Transportation Rules of the Xiuyu Sea-route in Meizhou Bay

The Xiuyu port in Meihou bay is one of the most important ports in Fujian.The development of this port needs the date of sediment and current properties.This paper did an investigation in three stations for 25 hours,including current and sediment observation.Analyzing this date,we can find the sediment properties and transportation rules.The current in this area is regular semi-diurnal tide;the tidal current motion type is reciprocal because of the topographical restrictive.During flood and ebb fast tide,sediment is increased with the increase of current,and the maximum of it is at bottom.The driver of sediment in this place is tidal current.Because there is not big river discharge in Meizhou bay,and the sediment discharge of seawater eroding coastal is not important in this area.The granularity of the sediment here is from 0.004 mm to 0.063 mm.There is a correlation between the tidal current and the speed of sediment startup.It is a positive correlation between the current and sediment.The direction of stable current is outward at surface and inward at bottom.There is a circumfluence of stable current in the northwest of Xiuyu port.The output of net sediment transportation is bigger than the input.