稠油降解菌的筛选及其生物表面活性剂的特性

添加稠油对土壤中土著微生物进行驯化， 分离出33株能以稠油为惟一碳源生长的细菌， 从中筛选出2株高效表面活性剂产生菌XJ1和SJ4， 9株高效稠油降解菌. XJ1和SJ4可将发酵液的表面张力由72.4 mN/m分别降到36.1 mN/m和36.2 mN/m；14 d摇瓶油降解率分别为35.89%和31.59%， 降解效率在各单菌中最高. 同时研究了发酵液中XJ1和SJ4的生长量与其生物表面活性剂产生情况之间的关系， 经红外光谱分析初步确定两种生物表面活性剂均为糖脂类化合物.

Screening of Biosurfactant-producing Thick Oil-degrading Bacteria and Its Characteristics of Biosurfactants

Indigenous microbial strains of the soil were habituated by adding thick oil intentionally.Thirty-three bacterial strains were isolated with thick oil as the carbon source alone.Two higher biosurfactant produced strains and nine higher thick oil-degrading strains were screened from all the isolates. The biosurfactants produced by strain XJ1 and SJ4 in the fermentation broth could reduce the surface tension of water from 72.4 mN/m to 36.1 mN/m and 36.2 mN/m respectively.In the process of inoculating the two strains,the rates of thick oil-degradation were 35.89% and 31.59% after treatment for 14 days.For strains XJ1 and SJ4,the relation between biology quantity and the surface tension of fermentation broth was studied simultaneously.Infrared spectral analytic results show the biosurfactants are both kinds of glycolipid.