红树林保护与修复标准发展现状及对策

回顾近20年来中国对红树林的保护以及通过人工造林进行恢复的情况, 梳理我国红树林保护与修复的相关标准, 厘清现行标准存在的问题, 提出如下相应的建议与对策。1) 应结合国家碳中和战略及红树林保护与恢复规划目标, 制定完善的红树林保护与生态修复技术标准体系规划, 加快相关国家标准的出台; 2) 在编制红树林保护与修复相关标准的同时, 应注重红树林固碳能力和增汇效应的提高; 3) 建议制定退塘还林相关标准, 填补国内空白; 4) 应充分落实“自然恢复为主、人工修复为辅”的生态修复原则, 重视并加强红树林保护与修复标准的技术细节制定; 5) 标准的制定和实施应由红树林研究专业机构及专家深度参与, 提高造林成活率。

Current Development Status and Countermeasures of MangroveProtection and Restoration Standards

In the past 20 years, mangroves have been strictly protected in China, and the area has been gradually restored through artificial afforestation. The authors reviewed the status of mangrove protection and restoration in China, summarized the problems of the present mangrove standards and proposed the existing problems, and put forward the countermeasures. The corresponding suggestions and countermeasures are as follows. 1) Develop a comprehensive technical standard plan for mangrove protection and ecological restoration in combination with the national carbon neutral strategy and mangrove protection and restoration planning goals, and speed up the introduction of national mangrove standards. 2) While compiling relevant standards for mangrove protection and restoration, attention should be paid to increase mangroves’ carbon sequestration capacity and carbon sinks. 3) Formulate standards for returning ponds to forests to fill the gaps in China. 4) Fully implement the ecological restoration principle of ‘natural restoration as the primary and artificial restoration as supplement’, and attach importance to strengthen the formulation of technical details of mangrove protection and restoration standards. 5) Mangrove professional research institutions and experts should deeply participate in the formulation and implementation of standards to improve the survival rate of afforestation.