深圳湾困难立地红树林修复技术与应用研究

采用3种技术手段(空心砖、定制竹篓I和定制竹篓II), 于2016年在深圳湾开展困难立地条件下的红树林修复试验, 并于4年后从定植技术、经济成本、红树植物种群特征和沉积环境质量方面评价修复效果, 得到如下结果。1) 3种技术手段均能成功地修复桐花树种群, 修复后桐花树的保存率超过87%; 2) 空心砖组的成本低于定制竹篓I组和定制竹篓II组; 3) 红树林种植区沉积物有机质(TOC)和总磷(TP)显著高于裸滩区, 说明红树林能够促进对有机物和磷的截留, 降低其向近海海洋环境逸散的风险。评价结果证明, 采用空心砖、定制竹篓I 和定制竹篓II等技术手段, 能够在深圳湾困难立地成功修复红树林。综合考虑修复效果和经济成本, 建议采用空心砖技术手段对困难立地条件下的红树林进行修复。

Mangrove Restoration Technology and Applicationin Difficult Site in Shenzhen Bay

This research used three technical means of hollow bricks, customized bamboo basket I and customized bamboo basket II to carry out the mangrove restoration test under difficult site condition in Shenzhen Bay in 2016. The effect of plantation was evaluated in terms of colonization technology, economic cost, mangrove population characteristics and sediment environmental quality after 4 years. The results showed that 1) three technical methods in the mangrove plantation area could create an Aegiceras corniculatum restoration. The preservation rate of A. corniculatum gained over 87%. 2) The cost of the hollow brick technology was lower than those of the groups of customized bamboo basket I and customized bamboo basket II. 3) The total organic (TOC) and total phosphorus (TP) of the sediments in the mangrove planting area were significantly higher than those in the intertidal zone, which indicated that mangroves could promote the retention of organic matter and phosphorus and reduce the risk of their escape to the offshore marine environment. The conclusion is that the technical means of hollow bricks, customized bamboo basket I and customized bamboo basket II can successfully restore mangroves under the difficult site condition of Shenzhen Bay. Considering the restoration effect and economic cost, it is recommended to use hollow brick technology to restore mangrove under difficult site conditions.