红树植物耐盐–耐淹性的荟萃分析及其应用对策

基于盐度和潮汐淹水对红树植物筛选和定植的重要作用, 选择5种中国造林工程中常用的红树植物, 采用文献检索和荟萃分析方法, 探究其耐盐–耐淹性。结果表明: 白骨壤(Avicennia marina)的耐盐–耐淹性最强 , 能 够 生 长 于 高 盐 度 (40‰)和 长 时 间 淹 水 (16 h/d)环 境 中 ; 秋 茄 (Kandelia obovata)和 桐 花 树 (Aegicerascorniculatum)具 有 较 强 的 耐 盐 –耐 淹 性 , 能 够 生 长 于 中 盐 度 (30‰)和 较 长 时 间 淹 水 (12 h/d)环 境 中 ; 木 榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)和无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)的耐盐性较低, 能够生长于低盐度(20‰)环境中, 前者可种植在较长时间淹水(12 h/d)区域; 超过单一盐度或淹水胁迫耐受限度时, 复合胁迫会降低红树植物的耐受性; 在实际造林应用中, 白骨壤、秋茄和桐花树具有较强的耐盐–耐淹性, 适合中国南部沿海的红树林宜林地。最后, 提出相应的工程应用对策, 可为中国红树林的精准修复提供科学依据。

Meta-analysis of Mangrove Salt-WaterloggingTolerance and Application Strategies

The success of mangrove afforestation depends on the selection and plantation of mangrove species, in which salinity and waterlogging are important factors. In this study, based on literature retrieval and meta-analysis, we evaluated the salt and waterlogging tolerance of five mangrove species commonly used in domestic afforestation projects. The results showed that Avicennia marina was the most tolerant to salinity and waterlogging, which could grow in extreme salinity (40‰) and long-term waterlogging (16 h/d) site. Meanwhile, Kandeliaobovata and Aegiceras corniculatum had the ability to withstand salinity and waterlogging, which could adapt to moderate salinity (30‰) and short-term inundation (12 h/d) environment. While Bruguiera gymnorrhiza andSonneratia apetala were salt-sensitive, which grew better at low level of salinity (20‰) place, and the former could be planted in short-term immersion (12 h/d) area. When salinity or duration of immersion was out of the limit, compound stress would decrease the tolerance capabilities of mangroves. In the practical application of afforestation, A. marina, K. obovata and A. corniculatum were highly adaptable to aquatic environments with a high level of salinity and prolonged waterlogging, which were suitable afforestation species for mangrove wetland in southern China. This study also put forward the corresponding application strategies which contributes to the ecological restoration of mangroves in China.