基于人类活动氮输入探讨深圳市的城市生态风险(2000—2014年)

基于氮元素对人类活动的指示性, 通过估算不同类型人类活动的氮输入量, 整合与构建氮输入量变化趋势下人类活动生态风险评估框架。选择典型快速城市化地区深圳市为研究区, 分析在城市社会经济发展趋于稳定时期, 深圳市工业生产、居民生活和农业生产三类主要人类活动对城市生态环境的影响强度及其变化,结合土地利用数据, 识别深圳市人类活动生态风险相对高值的区域。结果表明, 2000—2014年间, 工业生产氮输入量及居民生活中交通运输的氮输入量逐渐上升, 居民生活氮输入量呈先升后降趋势, 其占深圳市总氮输入量比重大, 是深圳市主要的人类活动生态风险来源, 所以深圳市人类活动氮输入量呈现先升后降的变化趋势: 在空间分布上, 生态风险相对较高的区域分布在南山区、福田区及罗湖区。为了降低人类活动的影响, 建议目前应在产业升级与绿色出行方面上进行优化。

Urban Ecological Risk Analysis Based on AnthropogenicNitrogen Inputs in Shenzhen (2000–2014)

This study proposed a framework involving the amount and change trend of anthropogenic nitrogeninputs to analyze the ecological risk of human activities. Shenzhen, the typical rapid urbanized city of China, hasbeen chosen as the case study. Within the context of urban social and economic development, and using officialstatistical data, therefore resident living, agricultural and industrial production were evaluated. The land useclassification and human activities had been corresponded and merged, and the temporal and spatial differences ofanthropogenic nitrogen inputs in Shenzhen were obtained. The results indicate that the anthropogenic nitrogeninput in Shenzhen showed a trend of first increase and then decrease. As the process of urbanization in Shenzhenstabilized, the nitrogen input from resident living decreased. From 2000 to 2014, the dominated factors of theecological risk in Shenzhen has changed, and the influence of transportation has been increasing and needs to bepaid attention. In terms of spatial distribution, the regions with relatively high ecological risks are distributed inNanshan District, Futian District and Luohu District. In order to reduce the influence of human activities, it issuggested that industrial upgrading and green travel should be optimized at present.