游客呼吸与九寨沟钙华景观退化的相关性探究

在全球CO₂持续升高背景下, 游客的CO₂排放导致热门景点周围的大气CO₂升高速度远远大于全球平均CO₂升高速度。针对这一问题, 基于涡度相关系统, 对九寨沟树正寨犀牛湖区域进行长期CO₂浓度监测, 结合年均径流量和基于CO₂浓度得到的钙华(CaCO₃)损失速率, 估算九寨沟世界自然遗产地的钙华年损失量, 探究钙华退化的机理。结果表明, 游客呼吸可进一步升高CO₂, 升幅可达250~300 μL/L, 导致水体的CaCO₃损失率增加18%~21%。全球和局地CO₂升高的叠加效应是导致以钙华景观为主的九寨沟钙华消失和环境退化的关键要因, 游客的CO₂排放的确在毁坏九寨沟世界自然遗产景观。

Correlation Study of Tourist Respiration with Travertine LandscapeDegradation in Jiuzhaigou

With the continuous increase of global CO₂ emission, the CO₂ emission of tourists leads to an increase rate of atmospheric CO₂ around popular scenic spots which is much higher than global average. Based on the eddy covariance system, long-term monitoring of CO₂ concentration was conducted in Rhino Lake, Shuzheng Village, Jiuzhaigou World Heritage. Combined with the annual runoff and the rate of travertine loss (CaCO₃) based on CO₂ concentration, the annual amount of travertine loss in Jiuzhaigou World Heritage Site was estimated to explore the mechanism of travertine degradation. The research finds that the breath of tourists can increase the local atmospheric CO₂ concentration by 250–300 μL/L, which can increase travertine loss rate by 18%–21%. Increase in CO₂ caused by the breath of tourists is the main reason leading to the degradation and disappearance of the world heritage travertine. CO₂ emission of tourists is indeed destroying the world heritage.