基于要素视角的建设用地集约利用内生动力及评价研究

基于要素视角, 通过文献资料法和综合分析法, 深入剖析建设用地集约利用的内生动力要素及其作用机理, 探讨并构建建设用地集约度评价体系框架, 对贵州省 9 个市(自治州)进行实证研究, 得到如下结果。1) 建设用地集约利用具有客观规律, 其内生动力要素包括人口动力、自然动力和经济动力, 而政策制度、规划管制和技术进步等外生动力要素通过供需机制、聚集效应机制和要素替代机制, 引起内生动力要素的数量和结构变化, 形成不同的集约利用类型和集约利用水平。2) 建设用地集约度评价是一个综合的评价, 表达方式不局限于单一土地要素的集约, 而是一种全要素的集约, 涵盖人口要素集约度、能源要素集约度和经济要素集约度。评价的指标体系应包括人口要素准则层、能源要素准则层和经济要素准则层。3) 贵州省建设用地全要素集约利用进程比较缓慢, 大部分市(自治州)建设用地集约度呈现波动态势; 2010—2016年, 贵州省建设用地集约利用空间格局得到一定程度的优化, 空间变异呈现先减小后增大的态势。4) 贵州省9个市(自治州)的建设用地集约利用水平以低度集约利用型和低度粗放利用型为主, 人口要素和经济要素起主要的内在推动作用。

Study on Endogenous Dynamics and Evaluation of Intensive Use of Construction Land Based on the Perspective of Elements

Based on the perspective of factors, this study used the literature method and comprehensive analysis method to draw on the basic theory, and deeply analyzed the endogenous dynamics and characteristics of the intensive use of construction land, and then discussed and constructed the framework of the construction land intensive evaluation system. An empirical study was conducted in nine cities (autonomous prefectures) in Guizhou Province. The conclusions show that: 1) The intensive use of construction land has its own objective laws. Its endogenous driving force includes population power, natural power and economic power. Policy systems, planning and control, and technological advancement are taken as its exogenous driving force through supply and demand mechanisms and aggregation effects. Mechanisms and factor substitution mechanisms lead to changes in the number and structural changes of endogenous motive elements, thus resulting in different intensive utilization types and intensive utilization levels. 2) The evaluation of construction land intensive degree is a comprehensive evaluation, and its expression is no longer confined to the intensive integration of single land elements, but should be an intensive ensemble of all factors that covers the degree of intensive population factors, the degree of intensive energy components and the degree of intensive economic factors. The evaluation index system should also include the population factor criteria layer, the energy factor criteria layer and the economic factor criteria layer. 3) The process of intensive land use of full element for construction land in Guizhou Province is relatively slow, and the intensive degree of construction land in most cities (autonomous prefectures) is in a fluctuation trend. The spatial pattern of intensive use of construction land in Guizhou Province have been optimized, and the spatial variability shows a trend of decreasing first and then increasing from 2010 to 2016. 4) The levels of intensive utilization of nine cities (autonomous prefectures) in the province are dominated by low-level intensive use and low-level extensive utilization, and population factors and economic factors play a major intrinsic impetus.