蝴蝶翅表面的多级复合结构和疏水性

使用扫描电镜和视频光学接触角测量仪研究了22种蝴蝶翅表面的多级复合结构和疏水性。一级结构为微米级鳞片,鳞片密度为101~280个/mm2,长65~135μm,宽35~85μm,间距48~112μm。二级结构为鳞片表面的亚微米级纵肋和横向连接。三级结构为纵肋和横向连接上的纳米级突起。蝴蝶翅表面的蒸馏水接触角为138.2°~158.5°,属于天然疏水表面,这是翅表面化学组成与微观结构协同作用的结果。蝴蝶翅表面可为新型仿生自清洁材料的制备提供生物模板。

Complex Hierarchical Structures and Hydrophobicity of Butterfly Wing Surface

The complex hierarchical structures and hydrophobicity of wing surface of 22 butterfly species were investigated by means of a scanning electron microscopy and a contact angle measuring system. The primary structure is micrometric scale. The density of scale is 101 ~ 280 ind. /mm2,and the length,width,and spacing of scale are 65 ~135 μm,35 ~85 μm,and 48 ~112 μm,respectively. The secondary structure is submicrometric vertical gibbosities and horizontal links on scale surface. The tertiary structure is nano-protuberances on vertical gibbosities and horizontal links. Butterfly wing surface has contact angles of distilled water as high as 138. 2° ~ 158. 5°,belonging to natural hydrophobic surface,which is the coupling effect of chemical composition and microstructure on the wing surface.Butterfly wing surface may provide bio-template for fabrication of novel biomimetic material with self-cleaning property.