典型潜水含水层通过缓坡湖底的渗流量计算

根据浅水湖泊与周边含水层的水力关系，首先假设潜水含水层以同厚水平无限延伸，并与湖底以一个较小的坡度相交，然后利用水力学方法对含水层中地下水在湖底表面的水力坡降和渗流量分布进行了研究、结果表明，具有较缓坡度湖底的大型浅水湖泊，其含水层的渗流量主要集中在湖岸带(Dupuit假设在这里不成立)，并通过湖底与含水层接触面的上部进入湖泊，排水区的宽度与含水层厚度和湖底坡度的大小等密切相关．

Calculation of typical unconfined aquifer seepage to a shallow lake with gentle slope bottom

The intention of the paper is to formulate a simple estimation model of groundwater discharge from a nearshore unconfined aquifer to a lake by using a hydraulic method. It was supposed that the aquifer was of isotropic permeability with a constant thickness and obliquity and extended unlimitedly toward the lake with a gentle slope. The distributions of hydraulic gradient and specific discharge along the transect of the discharge zone were discussed. The result shows that the aquifer seepage varies with the inclination of the nearshore bottom of the lake. For a large shallow lake with a gentle slope bottom, the aquifer seepage mainly concentrates in the littoral zone where the Dupuit assumptions are invalid, and flows into the lake through the upper section of interface between the lake bottom and aquifer. Moreover, the width of the discharge zone, the thickness of the aquifer and the gradient of the lake bottom are closely related to each other.