太湖表层沉积物中的多环芳烃及其毒性评估

通过有机萃取和色质联用分析太湖沉积物中15个多环芳烃，其中12个被检出，包括5种世界卫生组织规定的PAHs代表物．分析结果表明，太湖北部的多环芳烃总量明显高于中部和南部。低分子量多环芳烃与高分子量多环芳烃的含量差别不大，但在地域上比例有所变化；根据荧蒽／芘(Fl／Py)的比值统计，多环芳烃主要来源于石油燃烧，部分为煤和木材的燃烧形成．基于沉积物中多环芳烃的环境质量标准，在9种同系物中有3种超过毒性风险效应低值，但都小于毒性风险效应中值，因此太湖沉积物中多环芳烃的环境毒性相对较低．太湖沉积物中多环芳烃的不均匀分布也反映了沿湖地区的经济发展程度．

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from Taihu Lake and their toxicity evaluation

An analysis was made on 15 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sediments from Taihu Lake based on the organic extraction and gas chromatogram plus mass spectrum, and five kinds of typical PAH toxicants affirmed by WHO were detected from 12 kinds of PAHs. Data analysis shows that the total amount of PAHs in the sediments of north Taihu Lake is obviously higher than that at the central and south Taihu Lake, and that there is a little difference between the contents of PAHs of high molecular weight and low molecular weight, while the ratio of PAHs varies in different sections of the lake. Through the statistical analysis of the ratio of fluoranthene to pyrene(Fl/Py), it is concluded that PAHs mainly come from oil burning with part of them from coal and wood burning. Referring to sediment quality guidelines, the concentrations of 3 kinds of PAHs among 9 kinds of PAHs of the same branch are more than the effect-range low, but less than the effect-range median, so the toxicity of PAHs in the sediments of Taihu Lake is relatively low. The uneven distribution of PAHs in the sediments of Taihu Lake reflects the different degrees of economic development in these areas.