地力学模型在坝工结构试验中的应用和发展

本文阐述了坝工静力模型试验中的三种模型——常规模型、混合模型和地力学模型——的特点、应用范围及相互关系。指出它们从不同侧面论证坝体-地基系统的强度和稳定,它们相互补充而不能相互取代。文章还着重分析地力学模型中“全相似”准则的运用及模型材料单块变模同组合变模间的关系。系统地介绍了意大利“结构和模型试验研究所”(ISMES)地力学模型试验程序,并提出自已的看法。

Application and Development of Geomechanical Model in Structural Test of Dams

In this paper characteristics, applicational limits and the corelations of three kinds of models used in statical model test of dams are stated. These models, which can't replace each other but give mutual complement, verify the strength and stability of dam-foundation system in different ways. The application of "complete similitude" criterion in geomechanical model and the relationship between the deformation modulus of single brick of model materials and that of assemblage block are emphatically analyzed as well. Finally, the routine of geomechanical model tests carried out in the Istituto Sperimentale Modelli e Strutture, Italy (ISMES) is introduced together with the author's comment.