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内照射小器官剂量计算中减方差技巧的比较和应用
引用本文:张崭,李君利,武祯,范佳锦,曾志.内照射小器官剂量计算中减方差技巧的比较和应用[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2007,47(Z1):1051-1056.
作者姓名:张崭  李君利  武祯  范佳锦  曾志
作者单位:清华大学,工程物理系,北京,100084
摘    要:在用人体模型计算内照射比吸收分数的Monte Carlo模拟中,对小尺寸、远距离器官的计算结果通常精度不够,可信度差,这就要求采用减方差技巧。该文采用一个简单模型比较了直接模拟和区域粒子分裂-轮盘赌、强迫碰撞与DXTRAN球、指向概率强迫碰撞3种减方差技巧的效果。结果表明指向概率强迫碰撞方法能更有效解决此类问题。利用中国人体数学模型,选择一组典型的源靶器官对,计算了一个实例,得到了可信度高的吸收分数值并体现了指向概率强迫碰撞方法的优越性。

关 键 词:Monte  Carlo方法  减方差技巧  内照射  吸收分数
文章编号:1000-0054(2007)S1-1051-06
修稿时间:2006年10月20

Comparison and application of variance-reduction techniques used in internal radiation dose calculations for small organs
ZHANG Zhan,LI Junli,WU Zhen,FAN Jiajin,ZENG Zhi.Comparison and application of variance-reduction techniques used in internal radiation dose calculations for small organs[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2007,47(Z1):1051-1056.
Authors:ZHANG Zhan  LI Junli  WU Zhen  FAN Jiajin  ZENG Zhi
Abstract:In Monte Carlo calculations for specific absorbed fractions of internal radiation dose,the results of some target organs,which are small and far from the source,are usually unreliable with low precision,which calls for variance-reduction techniques.Three variance-reduction techniques,including geometry splitting with Russian roulette,DXTRAN with force collision,and pointing probability with force collision,are compared with direct Monte Carlo simulation in a simple model representing human body.The results show that the pointing probability with force collision method is most efficient.The Chinese Mathematical Phantom was then used with a typical source-target group selected to calculate the absorbed fractions.The results give a set of reliable absorbed fraction data and illustrate the advantage of the pointing probability with force collision method.
Keywords:Monte Carlo method  variance-reduction technique  internal radiation  absorbed fraction
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