航天飞船座椅着陆缓冲系统的力学模型

为了分析载人飞船返回舱人椅系统着陆过程特点和减小其冲击过载,建立了一个典型缓冲系统的力学模型,给出了运动过程和主要评价指标的计算方法和公式,并通过典型工况进行了实验验证。讨论了部分边界条件、设计和评价参数对转动中心、头部加速度峰值、做功和行程的影响。结果表明,减小缓冲力阈值,可以减小座椅的胸背向加速度,但对头盆向加速度影响不大;水平速度和加速度会影响到缓冲器的工作特性,通过减小初始速度和输入加速度可以降低各个方向的过载。

Dynamic model of seat-buffer landing system for manned spacecraft

A dynamic model of the seat-buffer system in a manned spaceflight was used to study the dynamic characteristics of a manned spaceflight land landing to reduce high loads on the astronauts. The dynamic response equations were validated by test data for typical working conditions. The paper discusses the influences of the boundary conditions and the design and evaluation parameters on the peak acceleration of the rotation center and head, the buffer's working distance, and the absorbed energy. The results indicate that the chest-back acceleration of the seat can be decreased by reducing the buffer force threshold, but the head-pelvis acceleration is unchanged. Reduction of the initial velocity and input acceleration reduces overloading in all directions.