中国硫沉降目标负荷的研究

研究了两种确定硫沉降目标负荷的方法——最小超临界负荷法和等比例降低超临界负荷法，介绍了其原理和相应的数学模型，并分析了用这两种方法确定的硫沉降目标负荷及相应的超临界负荷分布。和等比例削减ＳＯ２方案比较，采用上述两种方法，中国超临界负荷总量会明显降低，而最小超临界负荷法可以使超临界负荷的区域面积比２０００年无控方案减小约１２％。综合考虑技术、经济和区域公平性，建议在确定中国硫沉降目标负荷时采用这两种方法。

Study on target load of sulphur deposition in China

Critical load should serve as the guideline to formulate abatement strategy for sulphur deposition according to the actual situation of China. This paper introduces two methods for calculating the target loads of sulphur deposition the critical load exceedance minimization and the exceedance reduction by fixed percentage. It also includes the principles and relevant mathematical models of these two methods. Emphasis was put on the target loads of sulphur deposition and the relevant distribution of critical load exceedance of China estimated by the above methods. In contrast to the method of abating SO 2 emission by fixed percentage, Chinese gross exceedance of critical load could be much lower calculated by the former two methods. The areas with critical load exceedance were compressed by about 12% by the method of critical load exceedance minimization when compared with the result calculated with the emission quantity of the year 2000 without special emission control. With comprehensive consideration of technology, economy and the impartiality of different regions, the above two methods should be used to determine target loads of sulphur deposition in China.