轮胎与土壤相互作用的数学模型和实验研究

建立弹性轮胎与松软地表的相互作用的数学模型，研究土壤参数、轮胎参数和车辆性能的关系，对轮式越野车辆的设计选型和性能预测具有重要意义。该数学模型，考虑了轮胎与土壤交界面上的切向应力对垂直方向力的平衡，提出了体积变形量的概念，将在硬路面上测量到的弹性轮胎的变形特性转化到松软地表上。采用迭代算法，对弹性轮胎在不同松软地表上的轮胎变形、下陷，轮胎的牵引力、滚动阻力、扭矩、牵引因数、牵引效率进行了计算。利用研制的轮胎牵引驱动性能的电测实验装置和土壤特性的车载测量系统，在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地分别对土壤特性和轮胎性能进行了现场实验。实验表明，计算结果和实验结果符合的较好。利用数学模型对弹性轮胎在松软地表的性能进行了预测分析。

Mathematical model and experimental research of interaction between elastic tire and soft terrain

Establishing the mathematical models of interaction between elastic tire and soft terrain. Investigating the relationship between soil parameters, tire parameters and vehicle performance is of great significance to the design and performance prediction of off road vehicles. A new mathematical model is proposed, considering the effect of tangential stress on soil tire interface to the force balance of vertical direction. The concept of volume deformation is proposed to transfer the tire deformation characteristics on hard surface to that of soft terrain. Interative algorithm is used to calculate the tire deformation and sinkage, tractive force, rolling resistance, torque, tractive coefficient, tractive efficiency under different soft terrains. Soil properties and tire performance are measured in situ using on truck measuring system and the instrumented device in Takelamagan Desert. Calculating results accord well with experimental results. The performance of elastic tire on soft terrain is predicted using the mathematical model.