基于速度势面元法的风力机风轮三维气动性能预估

大型风力机风轮气动设计和性能分析需要更加准确、快速的预估方法。风力机风轮三维流场具有低Mach数、高Reynolds数的特点,该文把风轮流场简化为有势流场,将叶片表面和尾迹视为有势流场的边界,采用速度势方程作为流动控制方程,使用面元法进行求解,建立了风力机风轮三维气动性能数值计算的模型,并编制了计算程序。同时,还建立了适用于水平轴风力机的尾迹迭代求解方法,考虑了表面摩擦阻力对风轮转矩和推力的影响,提高了计算精度。与实验结果对比证明,该方法具有很好的计算准确性,为进一步研究常规运行工况下的风力机风轮气动性能,特别是大型变速变桨风力机气动性能提供了一个准确、快速的预估方法。

Prediction of 3D aerodynamics performance of wind turbines using potential based panel method

Aerodynamic design of large wind turbine needs more accurate and rapid prediction method.Due to the low Mach number and high Reynolds number,the flow field of a wind turbine rotor could be treated as a potential zone surrounded by the blade surface and blade wake.The potential equation is used as the governing equation while a panel method is used as a numerical method.An iterative method is developed for solving the shape of the wake.The surface friction is taken into account for improving the calculation accuracy of rotor’s torque and thrust.A good agreement between the numerical and the experimental date indicates that the developed model provides an accurate and rapid prediction method for the normal aerodynamic performance of wind turbines,especially for the wind turbines with large variable speed and variable pitch.