南昌市花境应用与景观优化探讨

该文以南昌市中心城区的绿地为研究对象,采用随机抽样的方式,选取在中心城区中100个样地开展花境的应用情况调查研究.研究结果表明:1)在所有调查样地中,花境的平均应用频度为45.00%.其中不同绿地类型花境的应用频度由高到低依次为道路绿地(52.38%)、公园绿地(46.15%)、广场用地(40.00%)、居住区绿地(21.05%); 2)花境类型以混合型(64.10%)为主,其次为多年生草花花境(20.52%),一二年生草花花境(15.38%)最少; 3)花境植物共有60科121属147种,以花灌木(39.46%)最多,多年生草本(23.81%)次之,再次为一二年生草本(14.97%)和观赏草(14.28%),但一二年生草本的应用频度却最高(如孔雀草高达46.67%); 4)花境的色彩以绿、红、黄色系为主,主要集中在夏秋两季观赏; 5)花境植物的株高多为30～80 cm,生长势旺盛的植株占比为62.59%,仍有部分种类的耐寒性(29.25%)、耐阴性(11.57%)和耐旱性(16.33%)较差或受病虫危害严重(2.04%).南昌市的花境应用范围在不断扩大,植物种类也日渐丰富,但其应用类型、景观多样性、季相变化、植物品种的选择及养护管理水平有待加强.

The Application of Flower Border and Landscape Optimization in Nanchang

Taking the green space in the central urban area of Nanchang as the research object,the method of random sampling is adopted,100 sample plots in the central urban area are selected,and a survey on the application of flower borders is carried out.The results show that the average application frequency of flower borders is 45% in all survey plots.Among them,the application frequency of flower borders of different green space types is Road Green space(52.38%),Park Green space(46.15%),Square Land(40.00%)and Residential Green space(21.05%).The flower border types are mixed mainly(64.10%),followed by perennial grass and flower border(20.52%),one-year and biennial grass and flower border is the least(15.38%).There are 147 species belonging to 121 genera and 60 families in Nanchang,among which the species of flower shrubs are the most,accounting for 39.46%.Followed by perennial herbs(23.81%),biennial herbs(14.97%)and ornamental grasses(14.28%),but the application frequency of biennial herbs is the highest(for example,peacock grass reaches 46.67%).The colors of the flower border are mainly green,red and yellow,which are mainly concentrated in summer and autumn.The plant height of the flower border plants is mostly 30—80 cm,and the proportion of plants with vigorous growth is 62.59%,and some species still have poor cold tolerance(29.25%),negative tolerance(11.57%)and drought tolerance(16.33%)or are seriously damaged by pests and diseases(2.04%).Therefore,the application scope of flower border in Nanchang is expanding,and the plant species are becoming more and more abundant.However,the application types,landscape diversity,seasonal changes,the selection of plant varieties,and the level of maintenance and management still need to be strengthened.