天山大峡谷国家森林公园土地利用变化及生态系统服务价值研究

通过对1990年、2000年、2010年和2018年4期遥感解译的土地利用数据,采用土地利用动态度、生态系统服务价值评价和敏感性分析等方法,分析了研究区的土地利用变化及生态系统服务功能,同时以ArcGIS软件为支撑,探讨了天山大峡谷国家森林公园在不同时期内的土地利用变化对生态系统服务(ESV)的影响.研究结果表明:1990—2018年天山大峡谷国家森林公园草地和农村居民点面积呈增加趋势,其他土地利用类型面积呈减少趋势; 2018年生态系统服务总价值比1990年生态系统服务总价值减少28.35万元; 不同土地类型生态敏感性均小于1,生态系统服务价值对单位面积的生态系统服务价值系数不敏感.研究区域土地利用总体处于发展期,由于生态系统服务总价值整体减少,所以其生态环境受到严峻挑战.

The Land Use Change and Ecosystem Service Value of Tianshan Grand Canyon National Forest Park

Based on ArcGIS software,the impact of land use changes in different periods of Tianshan Grand Canyon National Forest Park on ecosystem services(ESV)is explored,which provides theoretical support for the optimization and adjustment of forest park land structure and the sustainable development of scenic spots.Through the interpretation of the land use data of the 4 periods of 1990,2000,2010,and 2018,the land use dynamics,ecosystem service value evaluation method and sensitivity analysis are used to analyze the land use change and ecosystem service functions of the study area.The results show that the area of grassland and rural residential areas in the Tianshan Grand Canyon National Forest Park show an increasing trend from 1990 to 2018.Compared with 1990,the total value of ecosystem services decrease by 283 500 yuan in 2018.The ecology sensitivity of different types of land is less than 1,and the ecosystem service value is not sensitive to the ecosystem service value coefficient per unit area.The land use in the study area is generally in the development stage.Due to the overall decrease in the total value of ecosystem services,its ecological environment is severely challenged.