生态承载力评估方法研究进展

生态承载力是评判区域可持续发展的重要依据,可为生态文明建设提供有力的科学支撑。在对生态承载力相关研究分析的基础上,总结了生态承载力的概念发展、理论构建、评估方法及实践应用,基于社会经济发展背景分析了承载力理论构建的发展过程,评述了当前主流的生态承载力评估方法。分析发现,当前评估方法在研究区发展情景设定、区域间关联耦合、承载力的形成及承载机制方面的研究尚显不足,认为今后的评估研究应着重完善如下几点:1)将复杂情景模拟应用于承载力评估,并对研究区不同发展情景指标的科学合理性做出探讨; 2)考虑远程关联与耦合,将外部关联因素纳入生态承载力评估体系; 3)深入探究区域景观结构、过程和功能对承载力形成机制和承载机制的影响。

Research Progress on Ecological Carrying Capacity Assessment Methods

Ecological carrying capacity is an important basis for judging regional sustainable development,which can provide strong scientific support for the construction of ecological civilization.On the basis of the relevant research and analysis of ecological carrying capacity,this paper summarizes the concept development,theoretical construction,assessment methods and its practical applicationy,analyzes the development process of theoretical construction of carrying capacity based on the background of social and economic development,and reviews the current mainstream assessment methods.It is found that the current assessment methods are still insufficient in the development scenario setting,interregional correlation and coupling,carrying capacity formation and carrying mechanism of the study area.It is suggested that the future assessment research should focus on the following aspects:1)Applying complex scenario simulation to capacity evaluation and discussing the scientific rationality of different development scenario indexes;2)Considering the remote correlation and coupling,external correlation factors are incorporated into the ecological capacity evaluation system;3)exploring the impact of regional landscape structure,process and function on the formation mechanism and carrying mechanism of carrying capacity.