《诗经·大雅·下武》“媚兹一人,应侯顺德”新证

学界对《诗经·大雅·下武》"媚兹一人,应侯顺德"有不同的理解。其中关于"媚兹一人",多数学者将"媚"看作动词,释为"爱、爱戴",也有学者认为应释为"好";"应侯顺德"之"应侯"有学者将其看作专有名词,理解为"应国之君",另一些学者却将它们分别看作两个词。故训资料、《诗经》句法特点及中古出土文献材料表明,"媚"当释为"好","兹"与"哉"同;"侯"与"乃"同,"应"通"膺",有"承、当"之义。"媚兹一人,应侯顺德",相当于"媚哉一人,膺乃顺德",意即"多好啊这个人,承受了先王美好的道德"。

New Testimonies for “Mei Zi Yi Ren,Ying Hou Shun De”in Xiawu ofShijing

There are different comprehensions on“Mei Zi Yi Ren ,Ying Hou Shun De”（媚兹一人,应侯顺德）in academic circles.Most scholars regard “Mei（媚）”as a verb and explain it as “Ai,Aidai”（爱,爱戴）;others think it as“Hao”（好）.Some scholars consider“Yinghou”（应侯）”of”Ying Hou Shun De”（应侯顺德） as a proper noun.However,others look them upon as two words.Exegesis metaril,and syntactic features in Shi-Jing and archeological documents in the middle ancient times indicated that”Mei”（媚）should be “Hao”（好）,“zi”（兹）be“zai”（哉）,“Ying”（应）be“Ying”（膺）,which means “Cheng and Dang”（承,当）;”Hou”（侯） means”Nai”（乃）.“Mei Zi Yi Ren ,Ying Hou Shun De ”（媚兹一人,应侯顺德）is equal to“Mei Zai Yi Ren, Ying Nai Shun De ”（媚哉一人,应乃顺德）,which means“how good this man is as he has inherited his ances-ter’s virtues”.