巴蜀兵器虎图形性质新说

对虎图形的性质,学术界长期以来存在多种观点。这些观点有其出现时代的合理性,但随着虎图形兵器材料的增加和对巴蜀文化研究的不断深入,其缺陷逐渐暴露出来。通过对学术界图腾说、族徽说、文字说、虎神说4种主要观点的分析,倾向于认为兵器上的虎图形是春秋战国时期特有的,一种巫术色彩浓郁的虎神崇拜的体现,与当时的军事集团有很大关系;虎图形的主要性质一是虎神,二是在图形符号组合中表现出来的图语性质。

New Study about the Nature of Tiger Figure on Bronze Weapons in Ba Shu Culture

There have been various views as to the nature of tiger figure in the academic circles.The appearance of each different standpoint had its own historical reasons and was widely accepted.However,with further study of the weapon material and deep insight of Ba Shu Culture,the shortcomings of these views take on gradually.By analyzing the four viewpoints of Totem theory,Clan Emblem theory,character theory and Tiger God theory,this paper believes that the tiger figure on bronze weapons is a special character in the Spring,the Autumn and the Warring States Period,it embodies the strong worship of Tiger God and it is closely related to the military bloc at that time.The main features of the tiger figure are Tiger God and figure language implied in the combination of graphic symbols.