苔藓植物对石家庄市区大气污染的指示作用研究

以地面土生或树干附生苔藓植物的种类、分布及生长情况为指标,研究了苔藓植物对石家庄市区大气污染状况的指示作用.实验在全市共布30个样点,对每个样点进行了样方测定和IAP(大气净度指数)值计算.同时,采集标本370余号.经鉴定,石家庄市区内共有苔藓植物9科、24属、44种.结果显示:严重污染的区域苔藓种类少于4种,IAP<5;轻度污染的区域苔藓种类少于6种,IAP<11;相对清洁区苔藓植物少于12种,IAP<19;清洁区苔藓植物多于13种,IAP>23.选择在市区分布范围较广、生长良好、对大气污染反应比较敏感的苔藓植物种类作为监测大气污染的指示植物,主要种类有葫芦藓(FunariahygrometricaHedw.)、小扭口藓(Semibarbulaindica(Hook.)Herz.exHilp.)、扭口藓(BarbulaunguiculataHedw.)、墙藓(Tortulamu ralisHedw.)、真藓(BryumargenteumHedw.)、丛生真藓(BryumcaespiticiumHedw.)和红蒴立碗藓(PhyscomitriumeurystomumSendtn.)等.

An Investigation on Bryophytes and Their Indication Effect to Air Pollution in the Urban District of Shijiazhuang City

Study on the air pollution status in the urban district of Shijiazhuang city has been carried out by considering the species,distribution and growth of bryophytes of autochthon as a comprehensive index,frequency and coverage at selected 30 sampling sites,the IAP was calculated.44 species belonging to 24 genera and 9 families of bryophytes were recorded in the district.The results shows that in the seriously polluted region,the numbers of bryophytes species is less than 4,IAP<5;in polluted region,the numbers of bryophytes species is less than 6,IAP<11;in relatively clean region,the numbers of bryophytes speciesv is less than 12,IAP<19;in unpolluted region,the unmbers of bryophytes species is more than 13,IAP>23.Funaria hygrometrica,Semibarbula indica,Barbula unguiculata,Bryum argenteum,Bryum caespiticium and Physcomitrium eurystomum could be selected as indication plants to air-pollution in the district.