爆破漏斗鼓包运动模型的构建及验证

为研究爆破漏斗鼓包运动规律，采用动量守恒定律对鼓包运动速度进行理论分析，并通过爆破漏斗模型试验、高速摄影系统、数值分析开展试验研究.研究结果表明，将鼓包运动岩体划分为若干单元，运用动量守恒定理推导出爆破漏斗鼓包速度服从指数模型，整个过程做变速运动；通过高速摄影对爆破漏斗鼓包运动进行记录分析，图像表明鼓包运动过程中，自由面裂隙向四周扩散，使自由面岩体破碎并呈规则的扇形状；在爆生气体推动下，岩体进一步的抬升与破裂，炮孔中心质点做变加速运动；不同时刻下，随自由面炮孔中心为原点的坐标距离增加，鼓包运动呈指数递减，当自由面鼓包完全破裂后，破碎岩体以最大速度做抛掷运动，当抛射角度与水平成45°时，达到最远抛距. 

Construction and Validation for the Model of Bulging Movement in Explosion

In order to study the law of bulging movement of the blasting crater, the momentum conservation law was used to theoretically analyze the bulging movement speed, and experimental research was carried out by blasting funnel model test, high speed photography system and numerical analysis. The results show that the bulging movement rock mass was divided into numberless units, and the momentum conservation theory was used to obtain the blasting blaster bulging speed obeying exponential model. Through high-speed photography, the blasting drum bulging movement was recorded and analyzed. During the bulging movement, the free surface crack spread to the surrounding, so that the broken rock body presented a regular fan shape. With the uplift and rupture of the rock mass, the central point of the blasthole underwent variable acceleration. At different moments, the speed of movement decreased exponentially with the increase of the distance from the center of the blasthole. The speed of the bulge movement obeys the exponential model, and the center of the blasthole is the dominant variable acceleration motion, which decreases exponentially with the increase of the center distance of the blasthole. When the free surface bulge was completely broken, the broken rock mass was thrown at the maximum speed. When the angle of the projection was 45° with the horizontal, the farthest throw distance was reached.