有机蒙脱土的制备及其结构表征

为增加蒙脱土与有机相的相容性,制备有机蒙脱土,并观察蒙脱土的层状结构在有机化前后的变化.以钠基蒙脱土为原料,用季铵盐、有机胺和复合试剂作为有机插层剂与蒙脱土层间的Na+交换,制备出一系列有机蒙脱土,并对其结构进行表征.FTIR证明有机插层剂已进入蒙脱土的层间.XRD结果表明蒙脱土的层间距由1.2 nm增加到1.7～4.2 nm.TEM观察也表明蒙脱土的层间距增大,粒层厚度约为50 nm左右.研究结果表明选择高交换容量的钠基蒙脱土和合适的插层剂,制备的有机蒙脱土层间距增加明显.

Preparation and Characterization of Organophilic Montmorillonite

In order to improve the compatibility between montmorillonite(MMT) and the organic phases, organophilic montmorillonites were synthesized, and changes in the layer structure of MMT before and after the intermixing investigated. A series of organophilic MMT were prepared from sodium type MMT by cation exchange with alkylammonium onium ions, alkylamine and mixed reagents, and characterized by FTIR, XRD and TEM etc. The FTIR spectrogram showed that the organic reagents had intercalated into the layers of MMT. Spacing of layers of MMT was detected using X ray diffractometer and was observed to have increased from 1 2 nm to 1 7-4 2 nm. TEM photographs suggested that the spacing of layers has increased and the thickness of layers reached about 50 nm. Thus organophilic MMT with large spacing of layers can be prepared starting with MMT having high exchange capacibility and suitable reagents to intercalate.