基于动力学仿真的柴油机轴系不对中故障探究

针对柴油机轴系齿式联轴器不对中故障，首先建立齿式联轴器轴向摩擦力数学模型，分析不对中产生的轴向摩擦力特点，然后构建包括齿式联轴器在内的轴系动力学仿真模型，探究齿式联轴器不对中故障下曲轴的动力学行为规律，分析曲轴推力轴承及齿轮的受力变化。仿真结果表明：不对中的齿式联轴器外齿元件会对内齿套产生轴向摩擦力，由此影响曲轴轴向窜动，进而导致曲轴止推轴承和正时齿轮轮齿接触力发生改变。通过实际故障案例验证了仿真结果的正确性。本文结论可为柴油机轴系故障的排查和诊断提供机理依据。

Analysis of the misalignment faults in a diesel engine shaft system based on dynamic simulation

Diesel engines have a wide variety of applications, including in ships, electric power generation, and oil fields. However diesel engines suffer from frequent faults due to their complex structure and poor working conditions. Severe shaft faults are very common. In an attempt to understand the misalignment of gear coupling in a diesel engine shaft system, a mathematical model of the axial friction forces of gear coupling was first established, and the characteristics of the axial friction forces produced by misalignment were then analyzed. A dynamic model of the shaft system including gear coupling was established, the dynamic behavior of a crankshaft with misalignment faults was observed, and the contact forces of crankshaft thrust bearings and timing gear teeth were analyzed. It was shown that the outer gear element of a misaligned gear coupling exerts an axial friction force on the inner gear sleeve, and that this force affects the axial movement of the crankshaft, which causes the contact forces of the crankshaft thrust bearings and timing gear teeth to change. The results have been verified by studying actual fault cases. Our model provides a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of diesel engine shaft system faults.