微纳米级粘土/ 橡胶复合材料

对粘土在橡胶中的应用进行了一次比较全面的回顾, 总结了近年来粘土在橡胶中应用的新进展。文中分别以粘土/ 橡胶微米复合材料和粘土/ 橡胶纳米复合材料为主题进行了讨论。首先概述了陶土微米粒子表面改性的几种技术方法, 介绍了微米粒子进一步精细化措施, 评述了红粘土/ 天然橡胶母胶的性能优劣。然后综述了现有的粘土/ 橡胶纳米复合材料制备的方法, 对其进行了归类, 从技术难度和分散效果等方面进行了比较, 并提出了一些潜在的制备方法。其中, 作者认为工业化最可许的方法是粘土水分散体/ 橡胶乳液互穿纳米复合技术。最后,作者总结了粘土/ 橡胶纳米复合材料的一些特性: 高补强性、优异的阻隔性和良好的浅色及透明性。基于此, 对粘土/ 橡胶纳米复合材料在橡胶工业中的应用提出了一些设想和展望。

Clay/rubber microcomposite and nanocomposite

The techniques of application of clay to rubber are reviewed comprehensively. Some newer developments of this field in recent years are summed up. The clay/rubber composite is classified into microcomposite and nanocomposite which are discussed separately. First, the techniques of modification of surface of clay are summarized, the methods of fining the clay particle are introduced, red clay/natural rubber master batch and its characteristics are also evaluated. Then, all the methods making the clay/rubber nanocomposite are surveyed and classified, the advantages and disadvantages of them are compared based on their technical details and efficiencies, some potential nanocompounding ways are put forward. In the opinion of authors, the most appreciated technique which is easy to industrialize is clay water suspension/rubber latex interpenetrating nanocompounding technique. Finally, a summary of the characteristics of clay/rubber nanocomposite are made such as the excellent reinforcement, outstanding barrier ability and transparent properties, and some suggestions of application of clay/rubber nanocomposite in rubber industry are also proposed.